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A Sand County Almanac...
There are some of us who can live without wild things, and
some of us who cannot.
Like winds and sunsets, wild things were taken for granted until
progress began to do away with them. Now we face the question
whether a still higher "standard of living" is worth
its cost in things natural, wild, and free.
For us in the minority, the opportunity to see geese is
more important than
television, and the chance to find a pasque-flower is a right
as inalienable as free speech.
These wild things, I admit, had little human value until mechanization
assured us of a good breakfast, and until science disclosed the
drama of where they come from and how they live. The whole
conflict thus boils down to a question of degree. We of
the minority see a law of diminishing returns in progress; our
opponents do not.
We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to
us. When we see land as a community to which we belong,
we may begin to use it with love and respect. There is no other
way for land to survive the impact of mechanized man, nor fur
us to reap from it the esthetic harvest it is capable, under science,
of contributing to culture.
That land is a community is a basic concept of ecology, but that
land is to be loved and respected is an extension of ethics.
That land yields a cultural harvest is a fact long known, but
latterly often forgotten.
Such a view of land and people is, of course, subject to the blurs
and distortions of personal experience and personal bias. But
wherever the truth may lie, this much is crystal-clear:
our bigger-and-better society is now like a hypochondriac, so
obsessed with its own economic health as to have lost the capacity
to remain healthy.
The whole world is so greedy for more bathtubs that it has lost
the stability necessary to build them, or even to turn off the
tap. Nothing could be more salutary at this stage than a little
healthy contempt for the plethora of material blessings.
Perhaps such a shift in values can be achieved by reappraising
things unnatural, tame, and confined in terms of things natural,
wild, and free.
Wilderness is a resource that can shrink but cannot grow.
Invasions can be arrested or modified in a manner to keep an area
usable either for recreation, science, or for wildlife, but the
creation of new wilderness in the full sense of the word is impossible.
Ability to see the cultural value of wilderness boils down, in
the last analysis, to a question of intellectual humility.
The shallow-minded modern who has lost his rootage in the land
assumes that he has already discovered what is important;
it is such who talk of empires, political or economic, that will
last a thousand years. It is only the scholar who understands
why the raw wilderness gives definition and meaning to the
human enterprise.
Aldo Leopold, 1948
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